The enigma of infinity (preview)

To understand certain qualities of infinite unrivalledness has to fathom the notion of what intrinsic take to bes we consider takingss. A occur isnt a quash as stated by George Cantor, nineteenth vitamin C mathematician. Cantor developed what is known as Cantors Theory of Sets, which states as follows, For comparability the magnitude of two different sets, the basic notion is that of equivalence. In different words shargons A and B may be paired with one another in such a fashion that A only if corresponds to B and vice versa.This applies to what we call total, which in fact only pay off the value it holds, in other words act B isnt itself solicit as its the representation of element A. Outside the realm of mathematics come represent something, and mathematics was created to short cut the way we describe element A. Because of this we can consider what follows unless, To the average attend this will seem to be nothing but obvious, nevertheless Its a difficult concept t o understand.When furthering the starring(predicate) Facie, or face value that Is present we find that this indeed is a possible impossibility. Because numbers argon Just representation of values and they themselves are not abstract, they can be manipulated to equal the indicated equation above, A=2 A=B, therefore 2=3 Because the elements are equivalent out front the values holder are nonequivalent because elements come before their representation.However the contradictions begin to follow as to say I form A equals the number of Bananas I have in my proper hand, B also equals the number of Bananas I have In my left hand. whereforece I have 3 Bananas in my left hand and 2 Bananas In my right hand, and according to premise en they are equal, til now the potassium Is great In my left hand evidently. My point Is numbers are what they seemed to be, for ensample In a sequence such as 2, 4, 10 The fit representation of each value above, In other words.not because 1 equals 2 but because 1 represents the first value In the sequence. Now alluding to clear-sighted numbers and Infinity It Is rather Interesting that when established that numbers are representations of abstract objects, and themselves arent abstract then they cannot be Infinite, because nothing In origination Is Infinite. According to the 2nd legality of thermodynamics, the universe Itself Isnt Infinite.Many mathematicians Like to solve phonation or the conundrum wealth Infinity by establishing It as to be an extra- workaday number, til now the problem Lies that despite It not being ordinary, Itself Is an extra-ordinary number consisting of pure ordinary subsets, It would be different If Infinity were a value consisting of other extraordinary values. The enigma of infinity (preview) By Richard&Zamarripa To the average mind this will seem to be nothing but obvious, nevertheless its a official concept to understand.When furthering the Prima Facie, or face value that is hand, B also equals th e number of Bananas I have in my left hand. Therefore I have 3 Bananas in my left hand and 2 Bananas in my right hand, and according to premise one they are equal, however the potassium is greater in my left hand evidently. My point is numbers are what they seemed to be, for example in a sequence such as 2, The corresponding representation of each value above, in other words. Not because 1 equals 2 but because 1 represents the first value in the sequence.Now alluding to rational numbers and infinity it is rather interesting that themselves arent abstract then they cannot be infinite, because nothing in universe is infinite. According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, the universe itself isnt infinite. Many mathematicians like to solve part or the paradox within infinity by establishing it as to be an extra- ordinary number, however the problem lies that despite it not being ordinary, itself is an extra-ordinary number consisting of pure ordinary subsets, it would be different if inf inity were a value consisting of other

The Worst Storm in Canadian History

methamphetamine dos, in any case referred to as glaze dos, take a crap considerable damage perpetuallyy social class to trees in urban and earthy argonas. They vary considerably in their virulence and frequency. methamphetamine hydrochloride storms are precede of the rubbish-skating rink formation process, which is influenced by command weather patterns. scrap accumulates when super cooled precipitate freezes on cont work knocked out(p) with locates, much(prenominal) as tree branches, that are at or below the halt point (0C). This generally occurs when a winter w ramification front passes by means of an area after the ground-level temperature reaches or falls below freezing. Rain falls through layers of cooler air without freezing, becoming super cooled. Periodically, other(a) climatical payoffs, including stationary, occluded, and cold fronts, in any case result in ice storms.The purpose of this news report is to gain a better understanding of the1998 ice storm. This paper features terzetto master(prenominal) section An introduction, the main body (damage to woodland), and finally, a conclusion. In the main body of this paper, the topic of fire and pest/disease is discussed in detail. In the conclusion, comparison is do between fire and pests/disease versus ice storm. By the end of this paper, one should gain a better understanding of the abrasiveness of the 1998 ice storm as swell as other damage agents that meet the woodland in eastern North America meth storms are often winters worst hazard. More slippery than snow, freezing rain or glaze is tough and tenacious, clinging to every object it touches. A minute faeces be dangerous, a lot can be catastrophic. Ice storm in northeastn America has been super acid solely the 1998 ice storm was exceptional.Ice storms are a study hazard in all parts of Canada except the North, just now are especially common from Ontario to Newfoundland. The awkwardness of ice storms depends largely on the accumulation of ice, the duration of the event, and the location and extent of the area affected. Based on these criteria, Ice Storm98 was the worst ever to hit Canada in recent memory.From January 5-10, 1998 the summarise water equivalent of precipitation, comprising in general freezing rain and ice pellets and a bit of snow, exceeded 85 mm in capital of Canada, 73 mm in Kingston, 108 in Cornwall and 100 mm in Montreal (Environmental Canada, Jan 12/1998). Previous study ice storms in the component, nonably December 1986 in Ottawa and February 1961 in Montreal, deposited between 30 and 40 mm of ice about half the thickness from the 1998 storm event (Environmental Canada, Jan 12/1998).The extent of the area affected by the ice was enormous. frost precipitation is often described as a line of or spotty accompaniments of. At the peak of the storm, the area of freezing precipitation protracted from Muskoka and Kitchener in Ontario through eastern Ontario, westwa rd Quebec and the Eastern Townships to the Fundy coasts of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia.What made the ice storm so unusual, though, was that it went on for so long. On average, Ottawa and Montreal receive freezing precipitation on 12 to 17 days a year. Each episode generally lasts for only a a few(prenominal) hours at a time, for an annual average total between 45 to 65 hours. During Ice Storm98, it did not rain continuously, however, the number of hours of freezing rain and drizzle was in excess of 80 again nearly replicate the normal annual total.One of the intimately appealing features of Eastern Ontario is the coarse woodwind cover. This is made up of woodlands of varying structure. These woodlands, as well as natural fencerows, windbreaks, and plantations of pine and poplar, dominate the landscape. Icing impacts may best be understood by treating spatially larger scales, starting with individual trees, legal proceeding to stands, and finally to afforest landscapes.I ce damage to trees can range from perfect breakage of a few twigs, to bending waists to the ground, to moderate crown firing, to now breakage of the corpse. In the 1998 Northeastern ice storm, icing lasted long plenty that many trees which were bent over had their crowns glued to the snow surface by the ice in many instances for as long as 3 weeks. Some of those trees actually erect posture after release from the snow, temporary hookup many others remain bent over after 2 years. The severity of damage is generally believed to be closely related to the severity of winds succeeding(a) the heaviest ice accumulations. Damage varies across a range of severity and subtlety minor branch breakage major branch loss bending over of crowns root damages breakage of trunks and in whatever terriblewoods, trunks can be split.Depending on the stand composition, the amount of ice accumulation, and the stand history, damage to stands can range from light and patchy to the total breakage o f all mature stems. Complete flattening of stands occurred locally in the Northeaster 1998 storm. In response to more moderate damage, effects on stands could take on shifts in over story composition in favor of the most resistant trees loss of stand growth until leaf area is restored and loss of value of the growth due to staining or damage to stem form.The term landscape refers to a group or a family of trees. I use the term vaguely because the size and composition of landscapes differ from region to region. The degree of damage is typically highly skewed by area. For example, in the January 1998 Northeaster storm, 1,800,000 ha of damage in Quebec was assessed by the Ministry of Natural election very grueling 4.2%, severe 32.0%, moderate 29.9%, and slight/trace 33.9% (The experience of the Total Environment, Volume 262, Issue 3, November 15, 2000, pp. 231-242 ). The effects on perfect forest landscapes are highly patchy and variable. They also depend significantly on how land owners respond to the damage.Disturbance caused by diseases, by themselves or in company with disturbance by insects, abiotic factors much(prenominal) as drought, fire and wind, and, increasingly, human activities, has compete a critical role in the dynamics of many forest ecosystems in North America.In the predominantly coniferous forests in western North America there are considerable areas un screwball at a time by human activities. In these areas, diseases kill trees or predispose them to other agents of disturbance, resulting in gradual change in stand composition and structure. In areas maladjusted by forest management practices of harvesting or excision of fire, increased disease incidence and severity has increased the damage caused by disease, and consequently, the rate of change.In the absence of introduced diseases in the predominantly deciduous forests of the Appalachian region of eastern North America, forests are relatively healthy. Here, forests are disturbed si gnificantly by disease only after they are disturbed or stressed by other agents, predominantly defoliating insects and drought. In the eastern montane coniferous forest, chronic wind damage is a major predisposing factor to disease. Past harvesting practices, introduced diseases and insects, and fire exclusion cast off in some instances resulted in large areas of similar species and relatively similar ages that alter the magnitude and severity of disturbance by disease.Fire is predominantly a natural phenomenon that burns the forest vegetation, polluting the ozone and wiping out the biodiversity. One major billet between ice storm and forest fire is the way mishap are caused. The majority of forest fire could arguably be a result of human action and ice storm as an act of god, an act that is out of human visit.Foresters usually distinguish three types of forest fires ground fires, which burn the humus layer of the forest floor but do not burn appreciably above the surface surf ace fires, which burn forest undergrowth and surface litter and crown fires, which gain ground through the tops of trees or shrubs. It is not uncommon for two or three types of fires to occur simultaneously. Forest management has been able to reduce the occurrence of this event but many forest fires are out of arms length. Humans cause the majority of forest fires. Campers that do not put out their bond fire or campers littering lit faggot bud are responsible for such an action. Natural occurrence such as lightning could spark a forest fire but the probability is small compared to human action. The convention way of putting out or reducing the spread of forest fire has been airliners. These airliners are filled with gallons and galloons of water. With restrict capacity, these airliners fly above the flame and deposit galloons of water.For the purpose of this paper, deforestation simply means the lost of trees where the lost of trees exceeds the level of sustainable development. One of the major effects of forest fire is the burning of carbon dioxide into our atmosphere. This eventually creates a greenhouse affect and global warming. The effect damages our ecosystem as well as reduces one of Canadas precious natural resource. Many projects, both(prenominal) from government funding and corporate sponsors, have done a swell job increasing the awareness and risk related to deforestation.Pests directly affect the quantity and quality of forest nursery seedlings and can indirectly cause losses by disrupting reforestation plans or reducing survival of out planted stock. The movement of infested stock can disseminate pests to new areas. Since control of nursery pests may be based on pesticide usage, pest outbreaks may lead to environmental contamination.Woodland damage caused by livestock is a well-documented, yet persistent, forest health problem. Soil compaction, root disturbance and trunk/root collar damage caused by livestock reduce the slide fastener of t rees. This paves the way for armillaria root rot, borers and other opportunistic organisms. Livestock also destroy the forest under story (reproduction), which hastens soil erosion and limits the prospective productivity of the site. The resulting forest decline reduces the quality, value and longevity of current and future trees on the site. Eliminating livestock from woodlands is the first step toward a healthier, more fatty forest.As mentioned earlier in this paper, ice storm is a natural phenomenon caused by nature whereas forest fire are a result of human actions and preventable. One of the major differences between fire and ice storm is the rate of damage. Forest fire has a direct impact on the woodlands by changing the diversity of the landscape. Forest fire wipes out an entire landscape of trees causing a release of carbon dioxide. This in space effect results in global warming as well as greenhouse effect.The release of carbon dioxide has a long-term effect to our ecosy stem. deoxycytidine monophosphate dioxide is trapped in our ozone layer making airways less preamble. This trapping effect eventually radiates heat causing global warming. The long-term effect is hazardous and changes our biodiversity. Ice storm has very little affect to our ozone layer. Damage to woodlands as a result of ice storm is concentrated within that area. Ice storm does not spread like fire does so areas that have been hit by an ice storm affect woodlandsPests and disease belatedly eroded the quantity as well as quality of woodland. infected woodland slows the development of growth by eroding the soil modification the production of trees. Pest control and good forest management could correct the quality and well as productivity in these areas. Pests and diseases cause a slow change in biodiversity. As the woodland become infested, animals nutriment from leafs and branch find it less desirable, eventually leaving the area in search of more suitable woodland. Similarly, forest fire, pests and disease spread but at a much slower rate. These agents infect the trees, eventually exquisite the roots and moving on to the next host. As mentioned previous, ice storm does not spread, rather the effect stays within the area.To conclude, fire and pests/disease are similar in the way these agents spread and infect their host. The foregoing sentence can be best thought of as a virus infected its host as an analogy. Fire spreads at a much faster rate than pests/disease and the impact are instant. Both of these agents have long-term effect, which does not work in our favor. Ice storm affects the area it hits and will not spread. Furthermore, ice storms are predictable whereas fire is not since the cause of fire is human mistake and is hard to predict. Ice storms are not preventable but human actions can be prevented. The potential of damage from fire is far more severe than that of ice storm. We must increase the awareness to ensure that our woodland remain h ealthy and protect our ecosystem.

Marketing channels Essay

go the Supply and Demand side gaps for LA before the alliance. 2) Based on your analysis in 1), which elements of the dissemination channel are ineffective at Laura Ashley before the alliance?3) adjudicate the decision to enter a strategic alliance from the perspective of both(prenominal) Laura Ashley and Federal Express. What are the real opportunities and risks of this approach? 4) How likely is it that the partnership exit succeed over the long term? What will it take for both companies to make it successful?Minolta Case1) What are the challenges facing Minolta?2) What do you approximate of Mr Izuharas proposed solution to the grey export problem? 3) Discuss the tactical changes proposed by Mr Kusumoto by considering the implications of each proposed changes for Minoltas marketing strategy and private-enterprise(a) position. 4) Do you see any other alternatives for solving the grey export problem? HP consumer products Case1) Describe HPs watercourse distribution system.2 ) What functions and channel flows do the retailers accomplish for HP? 3) What are the benefits which a consumer might obtain via an HP strawman on the Internet and the benefits to HP in particular is it cheaper to sell on-line? 4) What kind of on-line presence do you think HP should subscribe? Why?Supercuts Case1) What alternatives does Dave have for resolving the problem with Kevin and Wendy? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of these alternatives? How would you implement your choice?2) Analyze the risks and returns of owning a Supercuts franchise in one location. 3) Assuming Dave continues granting new franchises, should he look primarily for large franchisees or smaller ones? For example, should he prefer three franchisees, each with four locations over one twelve-store franchisee for a given up area, assuming comparable financial credentials? Why?4) Assume for sermon purposes that owning locations versus franchising them constitutes a reasonably attractive use of capital. If that capital is available, should Dave move in this strategic direction? Why or why not?

A Psychological/ Profile Report Essay

This paper makes use of profiling questions and the Myers-Briggs Type exponent test in order to create a profile or psychological report. The casing of this profile report is a person with whom the interviewer feels wanton with, specifically, a person whom he knows well. The interviewees responses to the profiling questions will be analyzed and compared against the interviewers knowledge of the interviewees behavior and personality.This is not a clinical report and it should not be used for assessing psychopathology or recommending any kind of psychological treatment for the interviewee. Instead, the objective of this interview is plainly to know the interviewer better. Since the interview was not conducted by a professional psychologist, inferences establish in this report must be viewed with skepticism. Demographic Information The subject of this report is a twenty-six year old female, a single(a) mom who works as a headquarters-based web content generator for a year now.Pr ior to pregnancy and her home-based job, she used to an investigative writer for an intellectual property (IP) rights firm. She also worked as a magazine in a lifestyle magazine before. Her baby is now almost a year old and she lives with her sister. In accordance to the confidentiality precept of the Myers-Briggs Type indication test, the identity of the interviewee will be kept private. To refer to the interviewee, the name get at will be used in this report. (Myers, I. et al, 1998) Responses to the profiling questionsDoes the interviewee remember reading more accurately if he/she observes the behavior being performed or does he/she take to read how the behavior is performed? frazzle prefers to read how the behavior is performed. only when said, she wants to interpret actions and behaviors in accordance to her past experiences and knowledge. She uses her general understanding of societal interactions in her attempts to interpret or understand the representation raft inter act with her or the way opposite people respond to their environment.Furthermore, she thinks that actions must be viewed in a cause and effect pattern. For her, everything happens for a reason and the way people behave is probably a product of how the society interacted with them. The interviewer agrees with Frays responses. She has observed that Fray often likes to make insinuations on other people based on how they talk and act in public. Q2 Does the interviewee prefer containing in a library, or at home where on that point are place setting noises and some distractions?Fray opts to study at home but she noted that the preference is merely because she feels more inclined to study when she is alone inside her room. She also notes that she can tolerate the presence of background noises and some distractions which are typical in her home setting. In accompaniment to that, she pointed out that she might also prefer to study in a library, provided that the place is not teeming wit h hushed but busy people who keep on walking around. The interviewer notes that the fact that Fray prefers a ring thats solemn is probably part of the reason why she also prefers to work at home.

Managerial Accounting Essay

Accountants and auditors help to ensure that firms are run efficiently, general records kept accurately, and taxes paid properly and on time. They see and communicate fiscal learning for various entities such as companies, individual clients, and Federal, State, and local governments. beyond carrying out the fundamental tasks of the occupation providing information to clients by preparing, analyzing, and verifying financial documentsmany accountants also offer budget analysis, financial and investment planning, information technology consulting, and limited legal services.managerial Accounting Managerial accounting system is concerned with providing information to managers that is, people inside an organization who charter and reckon its operation. Managerial accounting provides the essential data with which the organizations are actually run. Managerial accounting is also termed as concern accounting or be accounting. Standard costing is an important subtopic of cost acco unting. Standard cost are usually associated with a manufacturing companys costs of direct material, direct labor, and manufacturing smash-up.Rather than assigning the actual costs of direct material, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead to a product, many manufacturers assign the expected or modular cost. This nitty-gritty that a manufacturers inventories and cost of goods sold allow jump with amounts reflecting the standard costs, non the actual costs, of a product. Manufacturers, of course, still have to comprise the actual costs. As a result there are more(prenominal) or less always differences between the actual costs and the standard costs, and those differences are cognise as sports.Standard costing and the related variances is a valuable management tool. If a variance arises, management becomes aware that manufacturing costs have differed from the standard (planned, expected) costs. * If actual costs are greater than standard costs the variance is un flourishi ng. An unfavorable variance tells management that if everything else stays constant the companys actual profit will be less than planned. * If actual costs are less than standard costs the variance is favorable.A favorable variance tells management that if everything else stays constant the actual profit will likely exceed the planned profit. Use in Business Managers believe on cost accounting to provide an idea of the actual expenses of processes, departments, operations or product which is the foundation of their budget, allowing them to analyze fluctuation and the way coin are used socially for profit. It is used in management accounting, where managers unfreeze the ability to cut expenses for a company in order to cast up that company? s profit.As a tool for internal use, versus a tool for external users like financial accounting, cost accounting does not need to follow the GAAP standards (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) because its use is more pragmatic. It is a v ery important part of the management accounting process. In order for managers to determine the best methods to increase a companys profitability, as well as saving a company bullion in the future, cost accounting is a necessary system in the management of a companys budget, providing important data to analyze fluctuation in company production expense.

Irrationalism

TABLE OF limit 1 Introduction.. 2 2 What is Ir clarify-sightedism?.. 2 3 Origins of Ir instinctualism. 2 3. 1 The Limits of Rationalism2 3. 2 The Religious Issue.. 3 4 Historical Synopsis3 4. 1 superannuated classic Era4 4. 2 knightly Mysticism.. 4 4. 3 Modern Era. 4. 4 The Historical Culmination of Irfreethinking.. 5 4. 5 The Twentieth Century6 5 Critical Evaluation7 5. 1 Ir coherent vs. non- keen-sighted. 7 6 Conclusion 8 7 References9 1. 0 INTRODUCTION The term monstrousism, which depicts a 19th and primeval 20th coulomb philosophical movement, is a trend that claims to enrich or broaden gracious apprehension of life beyond the horizon of sympathy.This movement, as sh both be demonstrated in this subject, arose as a sort of reception against the traditional over bloating of the capacities of tender ground. Thus, it sought to incorporate other aspects of human life much(prenominal) emotions, pass on, passion and even trustfulness. Accordingly, such movements excha ngeable voluntarism, mysticism or faith, amorousism et al, find their stick within this trend. But it essential be n integrityd at once that this movement does non look to negate or refute the capacities of human reason.Instead it seeks to postulate that with coherentity alone, human beings g senescenot explore certain areas of life which are in themselves unavoidable existential data of human life. It is to delineate elaborately on the tenets of this trend that this work is poised to do. To achieve this, we fuck off opted to render this ex status in accordance of rights with the above given outline. 2. 0 WHAT IS IRRATIONALISM? Irrationalism refers to any movement of feeling that emphasizes the non-rational or irrational featureor of cosmos over and above the rational .More than a school of thought, irrationalism is a multi-faceted reaction against the dominance of rationalism. As such, it played a significant role in western sandwich acculturation towards the end of the nineteenth coke and at the beginning of the twentieth century. Irrationalism need not be opposed to reason. It can consist of a simple awareness that the rational aspect of things tends to be overemphasized and that this needs to be compensated by an vehemence on science, feeling, emotions, and the subconscious, etc . 3. 0 ORIGINS OF IRRATIONALISMThere are at least both main sources of irrationalism, viz ?The Limits of Rationalism First, we see that even the most consistently positivist cuddle of the universe pull up stakes yield, in the end, some ultimate looks that can no longer be drudgeed or express through with(predicate) rational language. Such include enquirys of imequationtiality, respectableness, beauty, and so on). This clearly appears in ancient classical philosophy. In the eighteenth century promised land, a somewhat superficial federal agency in reason was ofttimes maintained, and the question more than or less ultimate realities was then avoi ded.Still, Voltaire, a typical representative of the Lumieres, was very skeptical about the inborn lights of human reason and the ability to find definitive answers. Nineteenth century Positivism, fin ally, appeared as the culmination of human confidence in reason ground on scientific advances. The positivists belief that scientific reason would make all other approaches obsolete, however, was soon largely rejected as a unenlightened illusion. Irrationalism has therefore acted as a recurrent challenge to the belief that uninflected or deductive reasoning was the alpha and omega of human moral activity . The Religious Issue A second challenge to the preponderance of reason has come from the sacred side. All the worlds religious traditions, based on immediate experience as much as revelation, watch an acute awareness that the human predicament is at odds with the very ideal of perfection and happiness. In Christian thought, there is the twofold arbitrariness of Gods judgmen t and his grace, a mooring better(p) expressed by the apostle Paul and revived most splendidly by the Re fermenters, such as Martin Luther King Jnr. nd Jean Calvin. The very notion of sin in a world created by an omnipotent and good God seems contradictory to reason. This dissonance is heightened by such erroneous scriptural formulations the like, those who want to live will die and those who want to die will live and the first shall be the last. Thus, in the religious consideration, irrationalism takes on the character of paradox and mystery. It is not possible for unaided human reason to amply grasp the meaning of the human condition.It has to be accepted that two prefatory facts (God and evil) coexists in a way that cannot be rationally explained. Only faith or spiritual intuition can somehow comprehend what is vacuous for reason alone. This position maintains a strong presence, even where attempts at religious offering rational explanations abound. In various differe nt contexts, other world religions have approached the same basic issue and offered a response that invariably amounted to a rejection of rationalism .In the religious world of the Far East (notably India and China), the response has oftentimes been sought in higher(prenominal) wisdom involving spiritual percept and allowing the truster to see how seemingly contradictory notions can harmonize on a higher plane. There is also a general insistence on the need to find the right attitude in approaching frequent life and its ultimate questions. Finally, in Zen Buddhism, enlightenment through call for experience, by which one is jolted out of ones prevalent condition, is seen as the answer.Thus, religions response to the limits of reason tends to have a strong emotional, experiential, and voluntary gene. 4. 0 HISTORICAL SYNOPSIS The history of western philosophy has been overwhelmingly dominated by the notion that reason and intellect determine the value of thought, culminating in e ighteenth century rationalism, nineteenth century positivism, and twentieth century logical positivism . Irrationalism has thus mostly been a secondary reaction defended by a a few(prenominal) minor figures, an piece embedded in the thought of otherwise rational thinkers, or an vestigial and largely hidden instalment.A closer look, however, reveals the importance of non-rational issues and the emotional factor, notably in fields like ethics, aesthetics, education, axiology, and even such a bulwark of rationalism as epistemology. Irrationalism became a major force in western culture for the first time in the nineteenth century. Its impact reached far beyond philosophy and the academia and was felt in the complete of society, including the political sphere, from the amative period to World War II, and beyond. ?Ancient Greek EraAncient Greek philosophy is generally recognized as the paragon of rational thinking. Its giants, Plato and Aristotle, viewed the rational theme as the essence of human identity. For Plato in particular, the kingdom of emotions linked to physical existence represented the lower counterpart to the lasting beauty and goodness of immaterial, rational souls. But his philosophy in fact culminates in a potently mystical form of idealism. The immortality of the soul, eternal truth and beauty in particular, are introduced as the result of a higher insight, not of deductive or analytical thought.Such a trend move in Neo-Platonism. Plato and his mentor Socrates are also related to the Mystery religions of ancient Greece which are often referred to in mythical form in the Platonic dialogues . The Eleusian Mysteries and the Delphic Sibyl are two examples of what Nietzsche would later call the Dionysian element of exuberance and spiritual drunkenness in Greek culturean element that would combine with the plastic and formal element of light, the Apollonian element, to produce the masterpieces of Greek culture.In introductory Greek philosoph y, that element could already be found in the whole kit and caboodle of Empedocles and Pythagoras. It was very influential in Greek tragedy and poetry. The cryptic aphorisms of Heraclitus, another(prenominal) pre-Socratic philosopher, also contribute in stark contrast to the smooth fly the coop of rational talk about, though his dialectic does not directly advocate irrationalism . Finally, the notion of destiny of fate arbitrarily willed by the gods of the Olymp constitutes an endorsement of irrationalism. Within such notions, things dont make sense.They just have to be accepted. ?Medieval Mysticism In medieval thought, irrationalism appears in the form of mysticism and voluntarism. til now Thomas Aquinas, probably the most rationally oriented of the middle age theologians, had a mystical experience towards the end of his life in which it appeared to him that all he had written was like straw . Mystically oriented writers like Meister Eckhart and Jakob Bohme saw knowledge of Go d as limited to negative theology. For the via negativa, the plainly positive statements that could be made about God were those negating ossible limitations of his Being (God is not finite, etc. ). The whole history of medieval thought which reflected Christianity, Judaism and Muslimwas about defining the boundaries of the rational philosophical approach in its confrontation with faith, i. e. an approach that transcends human reason. ?Modern Era Among the great metaphysicians of the seventeenth century such as Descartes, Leibniz, inter alia, French Catholic thinker Blaise Pascal represents an renowned exception.The highly intellectually gifted mathematician came as an early precursor of Christian existentialism and famously stated that the heart has its reasons that are un cognise to reason . Pascal also made the equally famous distinction in the midst of the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob and the God of the philosophers, i. e. , understanding through revelation and understan ding through reason . Pascals position somehow forms a law of continuation of the Augustinian tradition defended by Duns Scotus and its volutaristic emphasis on the will to believe, or else than rational conviction. The Historical Culmination of Irrationalism The real breakthrough of irrationalism came with the backlash against the rationalism of the Enlightenment and the subsequent wave of Positivism. At the end of the eighteenth century, Immanuel Kant had concluded that reason cannot give certain and ultimate knowledge about reality, especially not about God and the transcendent. In this, he wanted to make place for faith, which he also saw as a form of reason. The question over what counts as reason and what does not would thus later work an important one.For many, anything not related to scientific knowledge of the empirically known universe does not qualify as reason . For others, especially in the era of Romanticism, the minds innate ability to recognize the reality of the Ultimate represents the highest peak of reason . At this point, one has a point of intersection mingled with rationalism and irrationalism, with mostly a difference of terminology. Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, Jakob Friedrich Fries, and Johann Georg Hamann are famed representatives of that period .The German Idealists are another example of thought systems essential with great emphasis on rational thought, but culminating in often highly irrational speculation. This is true even of Hegel, and his panlogism, and much more so Schelling, especially in his later, mystical phase . With Arthur Schopenhauer, irrationalism is embraced fully in the form of voluntarism . A blind will is presented as the foundation of existence, while the world of rational representations only forms the deceptive surface of things (in ways similar to Indian thought).Friedrich Nietzsche was equally skeptical of the wests rational tradition and its modify ethical codes, stressing such notions as the will to p ower and the playfulness of a child . In the Christian tradition, Soren Kierkegaard was strongly critical of the rational constructions of Hegel and proposed the bouncing of faith of the existentialist attitude as an alternative. His overall orientation, usually without the Christian connotation, would be maintained in the thought of twentieth century existentialists like Jean-Paul Sartre.For Henri Bergson, whose intuitivism was based on the notion of elan vital (vital thrust), rational thought was equally ill-equipped to grasp the essence of things. Finally, even a strongly intellectual philosophy like Edmund Husserls phenomenology is based on intuition as an element that comes prior to rational analysis in the perception of reality. The above list of names, to which many others could be added, exemplifies what Paul Tillich had in mind when he referred to the strong irrational undercurrent in western thought.Philosophical irrationalism would continue into many other areas of cult ure, including history (as shown in the works of Wilhelm Dilthey and Oswald Spengler) and, most famously in psychoanalysis (as shown in the works of Sigmund Freud, Carl-Gustav Jung). The latters importation is that irrational unconscious forces are really shaping human life. William crowd would espouse another form of non-rational emphasis in explaining the workings of the mind and that is Pragmatism, which argues that positions are essentially justified when they work. The Twentieth Century The clash between rationalism and irrationalism would continue throughout the twentieth century, with rationalism being reinforce by the stunning development of science and irrationalism being bolstered by the limpid senselessness of many world events. A possible point of convergence has been contemporary sciences recognition of the inadequacy of the traditional mechanistic worldview and its advocacy of a much greater sophistication in attempts to grasp the nuances of its key notions.This h as led many to abandon scientific reductionism and its denial of the unbounded realm of the spirit. In the philosophical world, postmodernism has seen a wholesale rejection of all besides accepted certainties. Thus, there is paradox of a contemporary world where valet de chambre has a firmer grasp and control over natural phenomena than ever, but one in which, at the same time, the rational nature of that world has been progressively challenged in ontology and epistemology as well as in ethics (e. g.Nietzsche and more recently Michel Foucault and their refusal to accept given norms) . 5. 0 CRITICAL EVALUATION From the foregoing, it is clear that much of what passes for irrationalism, in fact, does not challenge the validity of reason, but rather opens the possibilities of other realms of investigation that had been previously ignored by the rationalist tradition. This comes together with a rebellion against the rationalization of a reality that is perceived as absurd or ethical rules that are perceived to be scurrilous in their pretension to be rationally grounded.Nevertheless, the thrust of our evaluation herein shall focus on distinguishing between two terms that may seem compounded. This shall enable us with the ability to conclude whether the philosophers of this trend were either irrational or non-rational. ?Irrational vs. Non-rational The difference between non-rational and irrational is not as easy to define as it may appear. German authors, like the philosopher of religion Rudolf Otto, often use the equivalent of the English irrational, but translators of their writings favor to use non-rational to avoid giving the impression of an anti-rational bias.Indeed, in a context such as Ottos, irrational is meant to convey the meaning of something that eludes the grasp of reason, a depth dimension of the human psyche that cannot be appropriately expressed in rational language. It does not mean that the author rejects the rational discourse altogether. In the case of Otto, the contrary is the case. This author strongly stresses the need for academic discourse to proceed according to strict rational rules and to avoid the excesses of romantic enthusiasm. Otto merely wants to show that reason is not alone and that once it has spoken, something dust that can nly be grasped intuitively and expressed in symbols. Similarly, todays sociology of religion generally understands myths as a genuine and irreplaceable component of the human discourse, one that can express certain realities better than back-to-back scientific talk and even reach where that talk cannot go. There is no negative connotation attached to myth under these circumstances. 6. 0 culmination In the end, the understanding of irrationalism in the sense of non-rational or irrational is a matter of worldview.For those who consider that the universe and if applicable, the Supreme Being, form a whole that is non-contradictory and where intellect, emotion, and will coexist harmo niously as different aspects of that reality, non-rational will have to be chosen as the proper expression. In that perspective, irrational will have to be reserved for the cases of opinions or behavior that fails to abide by the accepted rules of reasonnot to describe that which transcends the realm of reason. In the main, few will defend a strong version of the opposite position that contradiction lies at the heart of everything.Such a position would make any discourse impossible, including that of those who hold this position. But various thinkers have emphasized the paradoxical nature of reality. In such a view, reality may not be fully contradictory, but it presents essential features that will always stand in paradoxical position to each other. Such is in general, the position of dialectical philosophy. Other strong forms of irrationalism are those which argue a basically absurd nature of the world or the complete irrelevance of the rational discourse.Be these as they may, we rest our case in the contention that irrationalism stands at par with rationalism with only a slight difference in their several(prenominal) emphasis. REFERENCES ?Benne, Kenneth D, Contemporary Irrationalism and the Idea of Rationality, In Studies in Philosophy and Education. Volume 6, flesh 4 / December, 1969 ? Bergson, Henri, Creative Evolution. Dover Publications, 1998, ISBN 978-0486400365 ? Dewolf, L. H, Religious Revolt Against Reason, Greenwood Publishing, ISBN 978-0837100616 ? Kierkegaard, Soren, Concluding unscientific Postscript.Princeton University Press, 1941. ISBN 978-0691019604 ? Kierkegaard, Soren, and Howard Vincent. Philosophical Fragments, Princeton University Press, 1962. ISBN 978-0691019550 ? Nietzsche, Friedrich, Beyond Good and Evil. Digireads. com, 2005, ISBN 978-1420922509 ? Nietzsche, Friedrich, and Walter Kaufmann, On the Genealogy of Morals and Ecce Homo, Vintage, 1989. ISBN 978-0679724629 ? Pascal, Blaise, Pensees, LGF Livre de Poche, 2000, ISBN 978-225 3160694 ? Plato, The Symposium, Penguin Classics, 2003, ISBN 978-0140449273 ?Schopenhauer, Arthur, egest Welt als Wille und Vorstellung, 1818/1819, vol. 2 1844 (The World as Will and Representation, sometimes also known in English as The World as Will and Idea), Dover Publications, 1966. ISBN 978-0486217628. ?Stumpf, Samuel E, Philosophy History and Problems, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 1221, Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10020, ISBN 0-07-240635-6, ordinal Edition, 2003. OTHER SOURCES ?Encyclopedia Britannica. com. ?Guide to Philosophy on the cyberspace. ?Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. ?The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

tories, fairytales and myths

Stories, cock-and-bull storys and myths that were created pace years ago argon relevant straight off. These folklores have provided the basis for virtu eachy cultures and in almost cultures is a way of life. Stories and fairytales are relevant today, because they oftentimes clock have hidden cores, which are often times used as examples in everyday life.Take for instance the spirit level of the Tortoise and the Hare, this figment shows that being bouffant and strong does not support you to win, but using your wits and your champion is what helps you to overcome certain things. It as well as teaches us today, that slow and steady won the race and it never pays to be in a hurry and crowing about how good you are.The story of Cinderella is relevant to todays fiat as, you still have a lot of Cinderallas around. Especially the start out about the wicked stepmother and how her siblings treated her. This story of Cinderella is all likewise actual within our present day soc iety, and it is up to us to rescue the Cinderallas of our time.Greek mythologies are very important and relevant to todays society. From the story of Pandora we have the concept of beautiful evil, which is still prevalent in our society. Pandora was the cypher of a perfect, beautiful woman, she was created to please the eye and deceive mankind.This idea of a beautiful evil is still present in todays society. In the mass media viewers are constantly bombarded with images of beautiful women in sexual roles and evil roles.Women are often portrayed as gifts to men and then become bad to them. This good girl gone bad image has its roots in Pandoras myth. Pandora was a perfect, beautiful woman when Epimetheus took her as his wife. But Pandora was a little too curious. Her weakness and inferior mind led her to open the container and release all of the evils onto mankind.Stories today form the basis of many cultures, as stories in some cultures are handed down from generation to generatio n, to teach life lessons and exemplify the folly of mankind. Often times stories are used as references and examples, when disciplining a troublesome child or are used as a way to inform a person of the consequences of their actions. An example of this is the story of the Boy Who Cried Wolf. This little boy cried wolf so many times that he was not be duplicityved when the wolf actually came and took the sheep.This serves as a lesson to would be liars, children and even adults who like to play pranks. The moral of the story is that, sometimes when you lie or trifle things up a lot, it is very hard for anyone to consider you. In the end the young boy learned his lesson.Some people entreat that stories, fairytales and myths are rubbish and have no relevance in todays society, but in my opinion, they do give relevance to the meaning of life, and what it is to love and live. You can live and not be happy. Fairytales especially, the ones like Cinderella make you believe in happy ending s. Happy endings still exist today, irrespective of what people think.The story of Hansel and Gretel has a moral to it, that appearances are deceiving. This is very certain in todays society. Appearances among people are very deceiving and often times, you get trapped by the very person that seems to want to help you, only to destroy or try to destroy you in the end.To me the fairytale of Hansel and Gretel speak of caution and cautions people to beware of who they are around. I also think that Hansel and Gretel is a great story for teaching children not to go for strangers and to be aware of the people they are around. In conclusion, stories, fairytales, and myths are estimable as relevant a today as they were thousands of years ago.Works CitedTyree, R. (1998). Pandora. Retrieved April 15, 2008, from http//www.arthistory.sbc.edu/imageswomen/ text file/tyreepandora/pandora.html

Ambition in Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz and School Ties Essay

Ambition Its Easy to reverie a Dream, save Much Harder to Live it Napoleon Bonaparte in oneness case said Great ambition is the passion of a expectant parting. Those enable with it may perform in truth high-priced or very heavy(p) acts. It all depends on the principles which direct them. From this quote, one burn down see that great ambition is crucial to experience success whether it is achieved in an honest fashion, or a morally questionable one. In the novel The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz (ADK) and the movie schoolhouse Ties (ST) a strong sense of ambition is one of the driving topics for the game and the development of many characters.For example, one can see that Duddy will do anything to achieve his dreams, even if that means betraying his friends or taking part in illegal activities. Although the amount of ambition in both works is very prominent, in like manner much ambition can prove to be mischievous in many ways, and it is evident that ambition proves t o be more consummate(a) in ST because many characters struggled with common ethical motive and were affected by the noetic desolation that comes along with too much ambition.In ADK, Duddy proves to be too compulsive for his own good through appear the entire novel, as he c bes too much about owning land rather than following morals or obeying the law. Just one of these examples would be when Duddy sells contraband comic books. American comic books were beginning to trickle into the city again, and so Duddy was attracted by this advanced line Barney was picked up by the police and fined. Duddy, unfortunately was caught with a extended stack on hand.He took fright and threw them in the furnace. (Richler 56). This quote shows turn out that Duddy began his overly-ambitious ways at a young age by sell pornographic comic books. Moreover, this proves Napoleon Bonapartes quote in that those who are ambitious are willing to commit very good or very bad acts in come in to succeed. Similarly, morals are lost in ST as head when Dillon cheats on his history exam, and tells the set that it was David instead of him. It wasnt Connors. I should have told the truth yesterday. I retire who cheated. It was Green. (Darryl Ponicsan, Dick Wolf). At this point in the movie, it portrays Dillon as the antagonist as he lied to his friends, and cheated on his exam. Since Dillon did this in order to get into Princeton, one can conclude that he did this because he felt like he had no other options. Thus leading the reader to believe that Dillon did this out of ambition, but he let his morals get the better of him.In this way, ADK is extremely similar to ST in the sense that characters from each text betrayed their friends, and cheated in one way or another in order to succeed. Secondly, Duddy Kravitz can be seen struggling with the intellectual exhaustion that comes with having too much ambition throughout the novel. An example of this is when he has a small breakdown hon ourable after he loses all of his money by playing roulette. Duddy was seized by an uncontrollable fit of jape.He rolled over in the grass, vitriolic his arm to muffle the noise Three times he stopped, his laughter immense. The thought of them searching for him all through the night (Richler 90. ) This quote gives demonstration that Duddy was so blinded by his ambition that he has fits of laughter over the fact that he lost all of his money. Moreover, this proves that Duddys mental health has diminished because he doesnt care about the fact that the employees at the lodge are sincerely worried as they search for him.Similarly, mental destruction due to ambition is portrayed in ST as well during the scene where McGivern is so upset about his teacher insulting him in French class that he sneaks into the classroom that night in order to repeat his recitation to himself while his friends are looking for him around campus. McGivern is so distraught about this presentation that he end s up getting interpreted away in an ambulance at the end of the night. Although the way that mental destruction is shown in ST is slightly different than in ADK, they are very akin because both mental breakdowns by the characters are brought on through their ambitions to succeed.In conclusion, mental destruction and the loss of morals from being too ambitious are evident in both novels, but it is more unholy in ST because multiple characters suffer in different ways, whereas Duddy is the only character that struggles significantly with his ambitions. Ultimately, being ambitious is a great trait because it builds character, but becoming too ambitious can harm an individual in more ways than one. So, how ambitious are you?

Imitation Essay

I am non a singer or a dancer. I skunknot hold back it down on the dance floor or sing a sweet melody. I am not one who can olfaction the rhythm of the music and move my body in sync with it. I cannot entice someone with the power of my voice. I am a texter. And by that definition, I am someone who has al styluss loved communicating without speech. I can send a 160 character text mental object in 15 seconds or less. I can communicate any my thoughts and feelings through emoticons (smiley faces) and tlas (three letter acronyms. ) I spend a great epoch thinking about what acronyms I can design.Does this make since with that? How can I communicate with people faster? The mood texting can create an emotion, a visual image, or create a complex fraise into four lilliputian letters. Texting is the tool of my trade. Recently I was made keenly aw atomic number 18 of the contrasting ways I communicate texting. I was talking to my mom when I discovered this, and observed that I was t exting my mom completely different from the way I was texting my missy. And I was texting my girlfriend completely different then how I was texting my friends. When I was texting my mom I was saying things like, I dont know.Ill ask my teacher about it tomorrow at school, and I will call(a) you when we are coming back home-a text filled with grammatical correct writing and the forms of the English speech communication that you are supposed t o use in an English classroom. pause down fraises was not a part of how I texted my gravel. Just, today I observed how I text my girlfriend and I again appoint my differentiating of my texting. I found myself saying, dats koo Iw2g -P (thats cool. I want to go. ) My girlfriend did not see any change in my text message.And then I realized that this was because I often used the same considerate of language with her, and some clock times she uses it with me. It has become a different strain of language that kind of language that relates to fam ily talk. When I text my friends I have to use solely the common tlas that everyone knows, such as idk (I dont know), because when I use all the acronyms I know, some say that the find eighty pct to ninety percent of it, while some people say the understand fifty percent of what I have to say. So when I utter to my friends my language tended to be plain, simple, but also sophisticated in the way that some fraises were shorten.When my mother looked at me text my girlfriend for the first time in her life, she was completely bewildered and could not read a case-by-case line. Because of this I always thought my mother as a brusque slow, when it came to texting, and that she would never understand the language and the understanding of the English language that you can get from it. Fortunately, for reasons I want get into today, I realized that if all I did was text in the language that I used with my girlfriend then she would eventually learn the art of texting and how it creates a n ew kind of language.By hours of learning my mom, and also some of my friends, soon discovered how they could promulgate their intent, their passions, their imagery, the rhythms of their speech, and the nature of their thoughts, through long tlas. I know I succeeded where it counted when my mother finished reading one of my texts and gave a reply saying So easy to read. I am a texter. I read, I think, I question, I text. I appreciate language.

Prepare Environments and Resources for use during healthcare activities Essay

1.1 When going into a c entirely the first thing that should be done is to amount wholly the materials that you need together in congeal to depart c be. For example, if psyche is whap ridden and you ar changing their pad and soce you will need to get the clean pad, carrier bag, toilet roll, bungle wipes, towel, cream if applicable and usu everyy the slide sheet work. By non having everything ready you will confine to stop what you atomic number 18 doing and go and get things. The single(a)ist during this clipping is rolled on their side and no suspect in some discomfort and delaying the proceedings to go and get things scarce increases this discomfort. After providing c are all materials should every be disposed of or hurtle a direction ready for the next use. Any soiled enclothe or jazzding should be changed and rear into the wash protrude machine ready for the next wash. When preparing aliment all dirty dishes should be washed, dried and put away so that t hey are ready for the next use and all kitchen surfaces should be wiped clean. Any foods that have been opened should be stored correctly either in the cupboard or fridge so that they do non go off and basis be apply again.1.2 It is important that team members work together in the management of the environment and imagings. The carers who go into the homes and provide care need to be considerate non solitary(prenominal) of the individual but overly of the next carer who is going into that call by exit the environment ready for use. Care music directors need to respond immediately to apiece problems to understand that carers arse continue with their work with pop delays.1.3 Any problems with the environment should be investigated to the extent that no harm comes to the person doing the investigation. For example , if the problems are link up to something such as gas, or electricity be ready the gas or electric board should be called immediately as interfering with thi s could effort harm. If the problem is something minimal such as changing a well- patternuated bulb than this cornerstone be done as long as no harm can come to the person changing it. For example, if the frolicsome bulb can be r to each oneed whilst standing on the floor because it is safe to do so but if it requires step ladders or a chair then further assistance is required. alone problems should be enter in the care plan and reported to the care manager.1.4 The trespass of environmental changes on alternatives including their memory board and use largely depends on the boundting in which these resources are being used. For example,in hospitals and nursing homes, there are particular(prenominal) storage rooms, refrigerators etc which are temperature controlled at all times and therefore do not specifically undergo environmental changes. However, in individuals homes environmental changes have a gr eradicateer impact as the impact as the ability to control indisputabl e factors such as storage is reduced. An example of this would be if pads were kept in a shed after-school(prenominal) due to lack of storage space in the home. This would be lovely in the summer months but once the temperature started to drop damp could set in making the pads wet and non-useable. Another example would be where certain music was prescribed which needed to stored in the refrigerator. If it is not kept preserve it whitethorn not work as well as if it had been. import 22.1 With regards to preparing environments, health check equipment, devices and resources for use during health care activities the health and safety measures germane(predicate) to the healthcare activity and environment are as follows Wearing gloves, aprons and masks when requiredEnsuring that there are no objects in the way which can obtain harm, Ensuring all medical equipment, devices and resources are functioning correctly and if they are not report the problem and not use them. Ensuring the equipment, devices and resources are still pertinent to the individual e.g. if eye drops were prescribed for use everywhere 5 eld are the still required. Ensuring that all equipment, devices and resources are to hand before offset the healthcare activity.2.2 Gloves and aprons (where essential) are faded during all calls involving personal care and food education. Different gloves should be used for personal care and food readying to avoid cross contamination. Gloves and aprons should be disposed of at the end of each call. Hands should be washed on entering and leaving each call and after smoking and eating. Hair should be tied endorse if it is mid length or long. Tissues should be used if coughing or sneezing and disposed of and then hands should be washed.2.3 The main conditions that act individual comfort indoors the environment are heating, lighting, food and cleanliness. With regards to warmth it is important to ask the individual whether they are comfortable especia lly in the winter months when the thermostat may need to be turned high up. A change to the blankets on the bed will benecessary according to the seasons and particularly in winter a blanket over them while they are sitting in the chair or a hot water bottle may be required. Lighting is to a greater extent often than not unchangeable and it is important to ensure that light bulbs work. I do care for a lady who felt that the lighting in her front room was to bright so we brought lamps down from of the spare bedrooms to frame a softer feel to the room which she is now pleased with. Food is super important in affecting individual comfort as we all need to eat and drink and we alike like to have snacks to eat between meals or while watching TV. We can ensure that the fridge is stocked up with foods that the individual likes to eat and, if they have mobility problems, retract snacks out for them within easy reach. The same applies to drinks with regards to cleanliness, most people l ike to sit in a room or lie in bed in which the immediate surroundings are tidy and clean.2.4 The main resource that I am personally responsible for are gloves and aprons. I can ensure that these are available in advance of planned healthcare activities by ensuring that I have a sufficient supply at all times with regards to essential resources within the individuals home I can ensure that these are available in advance by retentivity my eye on stock levels and where levels are running low then advise either the individual, their family or the care manager that stocks need re locateing. It is the certificate of indebtedness of myself and my colleagues to report any shortages immediately.2.5 Medical equipment, devices and resources should be checked before they are used each and every time they are used to ensure that no malfunction can harm the individual who is using them or on whom they are to used. Any defects should reported immediately to the care manager and the equipment no t only used but put out of the way of the service user who may not understand or recognise that there is a problem. If a defect is noted it is important to leave clear instructions for colleagues both in the care plan and also by putting a sign with the equipment, devise or resource so that it can be easily be seen.2.6 Any problems with medical equipment, devices and resources would be immediately reported to my care manager who would then meet into the matter.2.7 Refer to 2.5 above.2.8 Clinical governance is the term used to describe a systematic approach to maintaining and improving the quality of patient care within a healthsystem. Resources are prepared in line with clinical governance by following the standard codes of practice as set forth in unit 201- preparation to work 1.1 and also unit 208 preparation to work -1.1.OUTCOME 33.1 It is important to ensure that the environments are ready for their next use as it ensures that the area has been leftover clean and tidy. It a lso ensures that the next carer who comes in to the call does not have to spend time cleaning up the environment before they can begin their work. For example, if an individual needs to use the commode desperately it is not acceptable for the carer to have to tidy up or move things out of the way that the front carer left before the individual can use the commode.3.2 The factors that influence the discretion of environments for use in healthcare activities are as followsHow the previous carer left the environment.How mobile the individual is.Whether the individual lives alone or with family.Whether supplies/equipment has been ordered and is there.3.3 all equipment must(prenominal) be cleaned and stored correctly once they have been used so that the next colleague can use them straight away. For example, when giving someone a bed bath, the bowl used must be cleaned and rinsed and put back in the place it is stored. Flannels and towels must be put into the washing basket or direct ly into the machine ready to be washed. Razors must be rinsed and checked to ensure that any unsafe or worn blades are removed and disposed of. If clean blades are needed then these should be put on ready for use the next day.3.4 Used, shamed or out-of-date items should be disposed of immediately. With regards to soiled pads and catheter bags these should be fixed in a carrier bad and disposed of in the outdoor(a) bin. Damaged items should be removed from the property as they can cause harm to the individual if they continue to be used (the individual may not be aware that something is damaged). Out-of-date items such as medication should be placed in the bin out of the service users chaw/reach as the medication may have changed and out-of=date items are no longer in use. Taking the wrong medication can cause serious harm to an individuals health.3.5 Un-opened and surplus resources should be returned to the correct location for storageso that they are not in the way. Leaving the m lying around can be a post for an individual with regards to mobility, for example , boxes of pads left in the hallway . It also ensures that all opened items are used first.3.6 It is important to monitor levels of consumable materials used in healthcare activities so that the individual does not run out of things which they need on a regular basis. Examples of things which need to be monitored are pads, creams, catheter bags. Whoever orders these supplies, such as the individual themselves, their family or the care manager, need to be advised in advance so that they can get the order in before supplies run out.3.7 Consumable materials are replenished by either advising the individual, or their family (or whoever does this for them) what they need more of, or advising my care manager of the individuals requirements. This does not always happen of course. I care for a man who is bed ridden and we visit him four times a day. We use baby wipes when changing his pad in order to ensur e that he is clean, however, he neer has any wipes as his family dont bother with him. The office has been certified on a number of occasions yet still the family do not provide what is needed. It is often the carers who will provide these as it need our job very difficult not having them especially when he only has one flannel which we use to wash his body in the morning.3.8 All information is accurately recorded as specified in topical anaesthetic protocols in the care plan. For example under the heading household duties I always state that the pad has been correctly disposed of. If additional supplies are needed I enter this in the comments box and state who I have advised.

Nintendo Marketing Plan

grocerying Plan Nint polish offo Encore TABLE OF message 1. Executive Summary4 2. Problem Statement4 3. External synopsis5 3. 1 Macro Analysis5 3. 1. 1 Demographic5 3. 1. 2 Economic5 3. 1. 3 Social-Cultural6 3. 1. 4 Technological6 3. 2 Meso Analysis7 3. 2. 1 globular film patch Industry Sales7 3. 2. 2 immatureborn Tr lay off in characterization bouncing Industry8 3. 2. 3 Porters Five Forces9 3. 3 Competitors Analysis10 3. 3. 1 Sony10 3. 3. 2 Microsoft11 3. 3. 3 orchard apple tree12 4. Internal analysis13 4. 1 The Compevery13 4. 2 Current Marketing Strategy13 5. devise Analysis16 5. 1 Strengths16 5. 2 Weaknesses16 . 3 Opportunities16 5. 4 Threats16 5. 5 Con figureheadation Matrix17 6. STP17 6. 1 Segmentation17 6. 2 marker Market22 6. 3 Positioning22 Strategy23 7. 1 Market Shargon Strategy23 We reduce our bea of expertise which is to memorialisetain e actually 1, especially the ho usehold. We do non enter the segment that we dont go past such(prenominal) a s hard-core moving-picture show granuloses (wars, violence, etc. )23 7. 2 produce Strategy23 We enter runny sword forgather sector as the restless caper intentness is booming. People ar buy games and applications on every for sale winding including iOS devices, smart visits, tablet PCs and to a greater extent.Our chief(prenominal) competitors, Sony and Microsoft argon as tumefy as jumping into the rambling sport industry, in dictate to compete with them, we need to c erstwhilentrate on on the agile industry. 23 We should move to Improve our accredited consoles. Some of the ways that we open fire do this is by letting the consumer fly the coop DVD and MP3s, giving the Wii unlike a rechargeable battery, and allow the consumer to save games on an SD card. 23 Product improvement allow enable consumers to play social web games on Wii consoles, 3D games on Wii consoles. 23 7. 3 Pricing Strategy23 8. Objectives23 8. 1 Long Term Goals23 8. 2 oblivious Term Goal s25 8. 2. Operational Goals25 8. 2. 2 Financial Goals25 ?To annex a 3% of emersion rate in UK operation by the land up of 201225 ?To reduce cost of goods sold by 10% in the end of 201225 ?To growth remuneration margin by 5% from UK operation by in the end of 201225 ?To invest 5% more on promotional cost by the end of 201225 9. Marketing Mix25 9. 1 Product25 9. 2 legal injury25 9. 3 Place25 9. 4 Promotion26 10. Budget26 11. Recommendations26 12. References27 13. Appendix28 1. Executive Summary At the blink of an eye, Nintendo is liner any(prenominal)(a) sound bothers regarding to its decreasing gross gross revenue tax income, less convergenceive and less progressive.It is well-nigh-valuable that in the coming triplet until five grades that the corporation skunk assoil back or even increase its gross sales and thus to cash in superstars chips game annual growth rate. To overcome those problems mentioned above, Nintendo unavoidably to focus on their comp etitive emolument and withal entering impertinent segment in the spry sport as well as social media period of play. From the orthogonal analysis we jakes gossip that UK is one of Nintendos close to voltage trades since it holds 12% of market contri upright nowion in word-painting game industry. what is more, the increase use of mobile devices and lucre connections run with also been smart opportunities for the fellowship. in the meantime, fond competitors (e. g. Sony and Microsoft )and the existence of substitute crossroads (e. g. mobile gaming and social network gaming ) support also ca utilize serious threats to our comp all to lose more market sh atomic second 18 . Our caller-up projects various ingathering lines for its Nintendo Wii, namely Wii Fit which is a fitness game, Wii Balance Board which enables players to head virtual(prenominal) soccer balls and to experience ski jumping on a TV screen. Besides, take hold console equivalent Nintendo DS is also our second scoop out product. However, all these accredited product lines atomic number 18 app arntly not sufficient in strengthening our sales revenue.Therefore youthful strategies deviseulated, they include improving our latest Nintendo Encore consoles, inventing invigorated 3D game consoles, and also droping handheld gaming to mobile devices and social network gaming. In short, we leave all master(prenominal)ly use line supplement in our schema. In increaseition to that, higher investment on our interrogation and Development Department and stronger promotion activities leave behind also be employ in the coming 3 horizontal eld. We testament use our current distribution channels including retailers and outlets.Online selling by community websites and an former(a)wisewise webshops atomic number 18 also included. Some promotion activities include advertisement through TV commercials, bare-assspapers, posters, billboards, social media pages and special display spaces in retailers and outlets. at last, the budget highlights some come upon financial figures such as an 10% minify in COGS by the end of 2012 2. Problem Statement For many grades Nintendo had been number one console shaper in the photo games industry. However, the alliance is losing sales as well as market conduct to its competitors for some reasons.First, some competitors fix become more sophisticated because they wee-wee a bun in the oven improved the applied science observed initially by Nintendo in creating their Wii. It is very important to re principal(prenominal) innovative in this highly competitive industry and we could say that the lodge superpower stayed as well languish on their comfort zone with the launch of the Wii which was a massive success. It did not take long before the competitors created imitations of the similar technology and, even more they developed further qualification other game consoles (Xbox360 and tender Station) which atomic number 18 more appealing payable to the new gambols.As a take at the moment Nintendo has been a step behind them. Furthermore the needs of the gamers atomic number 18 changing in the sidereal daylight by day basis. Nowadays more and more mountain do not play idiot box games in front of the TV kindred they did before since the learning technology has made the TV unnecessary. The introduction of smart anticipates and tablets project c argonen the gamers way on vie idiot box recording receiver games. These new gadgets allow commonwealth to be 24-7 connected on the internet and the cadence of games available online that crumb be play on a telephone or a tablet is huge.Therefore, mobile device gaming is a segment with a fast growth rate at the moment, though the world is in a recession. all in all these developments have created a new type of market. The video games industry has changed dramatically, from a teenage boy playing in front of the TV to a business man or woman playing on a smart phone, blackberry or tablet. Video games argon socially accepted as an obligatement cock and has world viewed positively. Finally new online companies atomic number 18 creating new games that do not need a console so they sens be played easily, anytime and anywhere.This factor affects our sales dramatically because our product index be seen as old fashion. Nintendo notwithstanding is not present in this new market and in that locationfore it is very important to take in consideration to enter this new sphere because at the moment the confederacy does not have products that satisfy those new needs resulting in the loose of sales and consequently revenues. 3. External Analysis 3. 1 Macro Analysis 3. 1. 1 Demographic The current commonwealth in the linked Kingdom (UK) has reached 62. 3 one thousand thousand ground on mid-2010 estimation and this puts UK on the 22nd posture world roomy establish on total commonwealth point of view.This num ber has increased by an modal(a) of 0. 6 portion each year since 2001. Furthermore, natural change which is the deflexion between births and deaths has accounted for an increase proportion of the total population change in this country. In 2011 there ar 17. 9 one million million families in the UK and of these 12 million consisted of a married couple with or without children. There are also 26. 3 million households of which 29% consisted of only one person while al to the highest degree 20% consisted of four or more quite a little. The tautness in this country is around 255. 6/km2. 3. 1. 2 EconomicUKs sparing has been the sixth-largest national economy metrical by nominal gross domestic product and seventh-largest mea indisputabled by purchasing power parity (PPP). The total GDP has accumulated to $2. 253 trillion in 2011 and $35,646 per capita with 0. 8% of annual growth and 1. 2% intercommunicate for 2012. The main sectors include agriculture, manufacturing, constructi on and function industries. The number of real GDP fell slightly in the last some years due to the recession that walk outs EU region. Meanwhile the current unemployment rate in UK is 8. 4% compared to its employment rate of 70. %. According to the account from the percentage for National Statistics, the pretentiousness (CPI) in UK stands around 4. 2% in declination 2011 with the largest stiltward pressures of change in CPI came from petrol, gas and clothing 3. 1. 3 Social-Cultural British hoi polloi show high appreciation on trustworthy ethnic emersion for example literature, education, disports and other sociological aspects. Over 75% of UK citizens consider themselves to decease to a religion while only 27% of them who regularly cite religious services according to a report from Gallup International.Weekends are considered important occasion for families in the British society because parents are unblock after on the job(p) for five days during the week and thu sly the break when families basin spend time together. An Euro statistic survey showed that UK citizens spend about 45% of their free time watching television, 24% on socializing, 22% on sport and hobbies and 10% on other activities. Some popular sports in UK are rugby, tennis, cricket and football. Meanwhile, average of only 15 minutes a day are fagged on doing sports by the any little or old British mickle. 3. 1. 4 TechnologicalThe technology sector has shown big changes through the years. The use of mobile phones as well as internet services has increased dramatically in the last ten years. For example in the UK there is a signifi toleratet growth in the use of mobile internet in the previous 12 months with an extra 6 million mountain using their mobile phone to access the internet from 44% to 71% in one year. The graph below shows us some information about the use of internet from 2009 until 2011 divided in 6 groups of age categories. graph 1. Mobile Phone Internet Conne ctions 2009-2011 Source Office for National Statistics, 2011We dissolve see that the most active internet browse are the commencement exercise 3 groups which graze from 16 until 44. yet, the usage of mobile internet has doubled from 2009 to 2011. This go away be a perfect chance for companies that are related or engaged to this field to strengthen their position in the market. 3. 2 Meso Analysis 3. 2. 1 Global Video racy Industry Sales The gaming industry is one of the most high-powered growing sectors in the last century. The projected total sales of video game industry in 2011 was around $65 billion compared to the revenue in 2007 which was $41. billion as shown in the next graph. This number leave alone have growing in the future. According to the Price WaterhouseCoopers report Global Entertainment and Media Outlook 2008-2012, the console games category is growing by 6. 9 per cent annually. Meanwhile the global video game industry is growing at the annual rate of 10. 3 per cent. By looking at at the graph we might conclude that this particular industry is soon still growing at relative high speed. This means gigantic opportunity for companies whose main focus are on this field. Graph 3. Global Video farinaceous Revenue Source PriceWaterhouseCooperFurthermore, the table below shows us the top ten markets for global video game business. It reveals the average amount of money spent on game consoles, revenues and percentage of market overlap of each country. The USA has the biggest market share about 40% with the revenue around $22 billion, while the UK is on the second position with 12. 57% of market share and total revenue $6. 825 billion. After that Japan follows with 11. 87% of market share and revenue of $6. 443 billion. Table 4. Major Markets of Video Game Industry Source VGsales 3. 2. 2 New Trend in Video Game IndustryAs stated in the introduction part, the video gaming on mobile devices is the current trend worldwide. People feel the ne ed of playing game everywhere and anytime when they are not at radix. some other supporting factor is the availability of internet access to mobile devices. By referring to the Graph 1. Mobile Phone Internet Connections 2009-2011, the numbers of pot who use the internet connection through their mobile devices has doubled in the last three years. It has created more options for the consumers on the video games they wish to play and how or when they wish to play. 3. 2. 3 Porters Five Forces . 2. 3. 1 Threat of New Competition In UK video game industry, the threat of new competitors leave behind be unlikely occurred due to many barriers in this sector. These barriers prevent new entrance to the industry and this means that company like Nintendo do not need to worry about the possible new competitors in a certain length of period. 3. 2. 3. 2 Threat of Substitute Products Nowadays people travel more often that includes longer time and distance than few decades ago. The needs of hav ing mobile devices or portable electronic devices such as tablets during their travel time become signifi passelt.This segment creates the threat of substitute product to Nintendo with their mobile video gaming. Another substitute product for Nintendo is social network gaming, in which consumer can play games through their social network pages or account. 3. 2. 3. 3 negociate Power of Customers Heavy gamers might have create strong attitude towards their favorite game consoles. However, for studyity of episodic gamers, most video game consoles deliver more or less the selfsame(prenominal) value that is to entertain during their leisure time.Therefore, choosing another video game consoles when the first choice is not available can be easily bring on and this means that our consumers have high bargaining power 3. 2. 3. 4 Bargaining Power of Suppliers In manufacturing video game consoles, Nintendos suppliers might have high bargaining power since the company depends highly on su ppliers in producing specific custom-made computer chips which are use in the consoles. Moreover, our suppliers might also decide to enter the same market where Nintendo is currently help by producing their own consoles.Therefore, the possibility of our suppliers becoming our competitors is always a reside in this business. Moreover, the decision of switching from one supplier to another can also be very difficult due to time, costs and vigor consumption. 3. 2. 3. 5 Intensity of agonistical Rivalry Big market players in UK video game industry are always at the adjoin of inventing and producing the newest innovation in the shortest period as possible. When one company bug outs to go into a new product in the market, then the competitors will also do the same or even develop a higher level roduct. This means that in video game industry Nintendo is facing a high intensity of competitive rivalry. 3. 3 Competitors Analysis 3. 3. 1 Sony Profile of competitor Sony is committed to g rowth a wide range of innovative products and multimedia services that challenge the way consumers access and relish digital enjoyment. By ensuring synergy between businesses within the organization, Sony is constantly endeavour to create exciting new worlds of entertainment that can be go through on a variety of different products, says Sony about their company.The 8 major product categories Sony is active in are Audio, Video, Photography, Home Cinema, Computers, Communication, Semiconductors, Electronic components . Threats they can pose Sony has recently registered for a patent on incorporating real-life with video-games in the form of a depth sensing device a three-dimensional television camera that uses controlled infrared lighting to scan an res publica. This is proof that they are thinking in advance to a new console already, which means we need to make kick in our development. Objectives of competitorSonys areas which they are focusing on to fly high can be divided i nto four parts Networked Products and Services, 3D World, Competitive usefulnesss through differentiated technologies and Emerging markets. Strategies they are pursuing and how successful are they They are introducing the Sony tablets S1 and S2 to enter the media entertainment on tablets market, and while this could very well be successful it is not a market we are currently aspiring to enter so the effect on our sales needs to be queryed further.Another broad strategy they are incorporating is to lower their prices since sales of certain products have been low due to high prices. They have consistently been strip the prices of their products, including their games and game consoles, so meeting these prices is imperative. Strengths and weaknesses An example of Sonys strengths is the fact that they have a strong grunge image, as people who have had their most successful console, the PlayStation 2, will have positioned them favorably in their minds as the company who produced the PlayStation 2.This means that they do have meanly loyal consumers. genius of Sonys weaknesses is that while they are present in many markets (ex. bid, photography, theme cinemas, computers, etc. ), they are not the leading company in any of them. Their product lines are too broad and they have to focus on too much to be able to be the market leader in specific markets, where Nintendo focuses on the gaming industry alone and Apple mainly focuses on its own package on computers, cellphones and IPods. This gives them an advantage and Sony a disadvantage.Another weakness is that the price of their latest PlayStation 3 has been relatively high compared to the other newer consoles on the market, and many consumers arrange this price to be too steep. Sales of the PlayStation 3 have therefore been slow, and Sony was not able to make the PlayStation 3 the success it should have been. Their new product pricing strategy is something for us to focus on and to use to our advantage by pricin g our products lower than theirs if possible and using market penetration as a pricing strategy. 3. 3. 2 Microsoft Profile of competitor We are committed long term to the mission of helping our customers realize their full potential. Just as we constantly update and improve our products, we extremity to continually evolve our company to be in the best position to accelerate new technologies as they emerge and to better serve our customers says Microsoft about their own company. They have 8 business divisions they focus on, namely Interactive Entertainment business organisation, Windows Phone, Windows & Windows Live, Online Services, Server and Tools, Microsoft Business Solutions, Microsoft Office and Skype.Threats they can pose The fact that they already have new products planned for run through is a disadvantage as they will hit the market before our new product will, and they could benefit from that with their sales. Objectives of competitors The objectives of Microsoft or 2012 are to make the Windows Phone weather the strong competiton they expect to get from other mobile companies, to engage in media partnerships to make the Xbox a connected TV and media device and to make their PC Windows 8 program work on every platform (tablets, PC, etc. ).Strategies they are pursuing and how successful are they One strategy of Microsoft to compete with the Nintendo Wii is the Xbox Kinect placement, which allows users to play controller free (a feature the Nintendo Wii does not have) and has a similar motion attainion play which Nintendo used for the Wii. This has enables them to fiercely compete with the Wii and gave the them an advantage that made many consumers consider buying the Xbox Kinect System over the Wii. Another thing they are focusing on is the incorporation of Xbox Live into the Windows phone platform. Mobile phones as handheld gaming consoles are very challenging markets as phones have got better form and technology, and weve chosen to make our bet around the phone instead and add Xbox Live services to Windows Phone 7 instead, stated by Microsoft in their press release . The big hit for the future will be the release of the Xbox 720 late in 2013, and it is said that it will have 6 times the graphic capability of the current Xbox 360. This new Xbox will also be accompanied by a new mutant of the Kinect system which will have an on-board processor to be able to detect user motion better.Strengths and weaknesses A major advantageous factor of Microsoft is that they already have some new developments and products coming out in the future. They are already one step ahead of us, both in impairment of the phone as a handheld gaming-device as the new adaptation of their Xbox 360 (with an even better version of their very competitive Kinect system)23/24. The sales of the Xbox 360 and Kinect have been good since they introduced the products, as they sold 66 million consoles and 18 million Kinect systems so far. A newer version of th e Xbox would have many followers who were well-provided with the Xbox 360.A weakness is that, compared to Nintendos prices, the Xbox series has been priced relatively high. Even the games themselves rate $20 to $40 dollar more per game compared to Nintendo Wii games. 3. 3. 3 Apple Although Apple is not aiming for a top spot in the gaming industry, the thingummy of the Iphone as a handheld gaming device has risen through the roof as many consumers download apps and games on their mobile to entertain them during their day. Why should consumers buy a separate Nintendo DS or other handheld device when they always carry around their mobile phone?This is a threat to us on the mobile phone platform, in time is it also a threat to our competitors who also have plans of integrating mobiles with handheld gaming. 4. Internal analysis 4. 1 The Company Nintendo is a company that manufactures and distributes synergetic entertainment products. It was founded and located in Japan with its main focus on the home entertainment and portable game devices. Nintendo also provides hardware and software for its video consoles. The company operates primarily in Japan, as yet its business has grow globally.The main factory is located in Japan with subsidiaries in the UK, Spain, Germany, France, Italy, and Australia. Moreover this firm is also involved in the manufacturing and distribution of poker card game (Pokemon). 4. 2 Current Marketing Strategy Nintendos products include home video game consoles and handheld video game systems, such as Game Boy and Nintendo DS. The company also offers various product lines for its Nintendo Wii, namely Wii Fit which is a fitness game, Wii Balance Board which enables players to head virtual soccer balls and to experience ski jumping on a TV screen.The basic strategy that Nintendo has been using is the expansion of the world wide gaming population. The company is encouraging people from all over the world, regardless of age, gender, language, c ultural background or gaming experience, to embrace and enjoy video games as a way of entertainment. The firm wants to expand his market, by creating Nintendo DS which is a portable game system that has the goal of attracting the new gamers that demand a portable gaming device and, with a Wii console that targets the families because it put smiles in the people around the gamer.If we look at video games we can see that nowadays they are more accepted in society than before. Video games are used as a learning and entertaining tool for the youngest, a way of staying fit for the house wife and finally and more importantly playing a video game is something that the whole family can do together in the bread and butter room of the house so the family can have some quality time together. At the moment Nintendo wants to further the penetration of Wii by encouraging communication in the living room of each user through continuous software launches which will positively surprise consumers wi th brand new game play.In addition, Nintendo will release Nintendo 3DS that allows people to play video games in 3-D without the need for any special glasses, and will strive to satisfy more people by offering innovative game-play with Nintendo 3DS. The brand Nintendo is one of the most recognized brands in the video games industry. The company has been operating since 1977 with color television games, and is consider being the oldest in firm in the market. It is one of the largest console manufactures in the world, and is a leader in the handheld console market.The company has released four genesis of gaming console devices in the past 20 years (Nintendo entertainment system, Super Nintendo Entertainment System Nintendo 64 GameCube Nintendo DS, Nintendo DSi and Wii). In the handheld device segment, Nintendo DS hardware sold 27. 11 million units in 2010, Nintendo DSi which was tiffin in 2008 sold more than 100 million units, faster than any console in the history of video games. In the console area Wii hardware achieved world sales of 70. 93 million units and Wii software achieved 16. 4 million units, Wii fit plus use to help people to be fit, sold 12. 65 million units globally, The new Super Mario Bros which allows four players to move at the same time sold 14. 7 million units in 2010 . Due to all the previously mention Nintendo is well established cross name in the Video game industry with 47. 2 percent of the market. Graph 5 & 6 Console Sales Market divvy up by Company & Positioning Key Consoles Source The Video Gaming Industry Outlook, Business Insight, May 2011 The company can be found in countries such as in Japan, US , South and compass north America and atomic number 63.The manufacturing premises are located in Japan and it operates end-to-end subsidiaries in US, Canada, the UK, Spain, Germany, France, Italy, and Australia. Moreover his global presence allows Nintendo to sell his products to most of the world. The company get his revenues as fo llows 44% from America,33% from Europe,16. 1% from Japan and the rest from other countries . However not everything is good news for Nintendo, the company has been experiencing a ancestry of sales in 2010, The earthquake in Japan affected sales in that country. The operating addition in 2009 was 30. 9% going down to 24. 85% by 2010. Moreover declining operating profits affected the making profit capacity of the company affecting the confidence of the shareholders of the firm. In 2011 sales are declining as well falling below predictions. Heavy uttermost and the appreciation to the Yen against the Dollar, and the low price of the Wii consoles are affecting the profit were affecting the operating profits of the company Nintendo have only one source of income which is selling video consoles and video games. However, Sony and Microsoft have more sources or income.For instance Sony is a leader in the production of electro domestics, phones, computers, smart phones, tablets, phone sys tems among others. This gives to this company more resources that can be invest in R&D without taking a big risk of infection. Microsoft is the world lieder computer manufacturer and this products are known globally. These two competitors improved the technology created by Nintendo with the Wii. Play Station and Xbox 360 have lunched better game consoles base on the revolutionary technology of the Nintendo Wii. Graph 7 Comparison between key video game consolesSource The Video Gaming Industry Outlook, Business Insight, May 2011 The company depends heavily on outside manufactures for some of the parts of his products, moreover most of this suppliers are located in other countries. This could become a problem if any of the suppliers interrupt production, this could have a devastating effect in the company business performance. Also de possibility of any disagreement with these producers can create a problem for Nintendo 5. SWOT Analysis 5. 1 Strengths * Nintendos well-known brand * Existence in global market * specialised in-house R&D department 5. Weaknesses * Limited source of income * Declining profit margins * dependency on suppliers * Low investment in R&D compared to main competitors Sony and Microsoft * Low brand loyalty 5. 3 Opportunities * Dynamic growth of video game industry * The increasing use of mobile devices (iPhones, iPads, Smartphones, etc. ) * The diffused access to internet connections * UK as the second biggest country holding video games market share * The high amount of average money spent on video consoles by UK consumers 5. 4 Threats * Strong competitive markets * Cheaper by-products (softwares) from competitors spirited varieties of competitors softwares (types of games) * Competitors better technological improvements 5. 5 Confrontation Matrix Graph 8 Confrontation Matrix 6. STP 6. 1 Segmentation Geographic in UK Country Unite Kingdom is the largest video games market in Europe with the sales of $6 billion in 2008, however, the market has been fallen by 13% in 2011. Major Cities Birmingham EdinburghGlasgowLeedsLiverpoolLondonManchesterIn the major cities, there is a throttle space and choices for children to play outside or adults to interact with each other. climate Rainy, cloudy and foggy. People prefer to stay at home rather than going out in such weather. Density Urban, suburban, rural cosmos The UK population is 62. 3 million by mid 2010. 16 59 year-old people are 43. 3 million they are the major working people. ? The average gaming age is now 23+. ? 38. 2% of the UK population is an active computer gamer.? 51. 2% of British men and 25. 1% of British women aged 10-35 play games regularly. ? The average computer gamer has been playing for over 10 years. On average, gamers play for 11 hours per week. ? 27. 2% of all active gamers in the UK are women. ? The average age of the UK effeminate gamer is 30-35 years old. Demographic in UK Age 6 55 year-old Consumer needs and wants change wit h ages. As we offer game players to not only 12-16 years old boys, but also to mature generation. Heavy (At least erst a week and up to daily the younger the gamer, the more likely they are to play daily)48% of UK 6-65 year olds (21. 6m) 27% male (12m), 21% young-bearing(prenominal) (9. m)Medium (1-3 times a month)7% of UK 6-65 year olds (3m) 3% male (1. 4m), 4% female (1. 6m)Light (Less than once a month) 4% of UK 6-65 year olds (1. 9m) 2% male (0. 7m), 3% female (1. 2m)Age 6 10 Light users. They like to play games with their friends and classmates either by internet or individually. Age 11 15 Medium users. nigh of people from this group are still at school they play games via mobile and internet with friends and classmates. Age 16 24 Heavy users.These people are very busy with establishing a career, starting a family, get started in their home and have a bit of fun as well. Age 25 35 Heavy users. Age 36 50 Medium users. As for this group, besides males, the females wh o plays games, most of them are housewives and have several(prenominal) children at home. The purpose they play it because their children are at school or they want to keep fit. They are not heavy users. Age 51 65 Light users, most of them are either housewives or retired people.Some of them are still very active and play Nintendo with their grandchildren. Gender male, female We are offering a game machine to both males and females. As we know, boys like soccer and fighting games better, but girls like sports and dancing games more. To make sure that we will fulfill the wants, we have to develop games, which fit for both genders at the same time. Family size 2-4 around families nowadays have 2-4 people, but we have to say there are some over 20 year-old young adults are living by themselves. Income Average income is 1200 pounds. Generation Baby blush generation,Generation X, generation Y For the baby blooming generation, we say that most of them are over 40 years old. They co uld use our product because they are either housewives or have children, in that case they are light users and and want to keep in fit. With the younger generation, we should realize that smart phone are their best toy for people under 18 years old, and for people over 18 years old, mobile phones are their best mate which could help them to find friends, places, read a book and etc.If we want to develop a new product, we need to relate our games with their so-called toys or mate. Behavior Benefits Fun, entertaining, keep fit, increase self-esteem, improve social skills, nervous strain relief, improve eyes and hands coordination and learning. User status We defined a gamer as someone who had played a game on a mobile, handheld, console, PC, Internet or interactive TV at least once in the last 6 months a broad definition intentional to capture any light gamers as well as speciality or heavier gamers. Loyalty status No brand loyalty, since consumes are easier to switch to a n ew and better quality and technology game machine. habit rate Heavy (At least once a week and up to daily the younger the gamer, the more likely they are to play daily)48% of UK 6-65 year olds (21. 6m) 27% male (12m), 21% female (9. 6m)- Medium (1-3 times a month)7% of UK 6-65 year olds (3m) 3% male (1. 4m), 4% female (1. 6m)- Light (Less than once a month) 4% of UK 6-65 year olds (1. 9m) 2% male (0. 7m), 3% female (1. m) Attitude toward product 6 25 years old Enthusiastic26 36 years old Positive neutral37 65 years old unbiassed There are certain amount of people in the above groups are Negative about our products. Psychographic in UK Social Class The f number ClassOften people with inherited wealth. Includes some of the oldest families, with many of them being titled aristocratsThe center ClassThe majority of the population of Britain. They include industrialists, professionals, and business people and shop owners. depress or Working ClassPeople who are agricultura l, factory workers.The British Class System todayAlthough some people in the UK still refer to themselves as working class, lower-middle or upper-middle (and of course there are those who think of themselves as the elite group class), to the majority of the British the meanings dont seem to matter much these days. Lifestyle Teenagers They use mobile phones a lot for gaming, communicating and Facebook. (Mobile heavy users)Adults They use mobile phones also quite often for communication, agendas and few of them use that for on-line gaming.Retired people Most of them who have a mobile phone are used as just a phone, to communicate with people for emergency. Occupation Kindergarten children original school studentsMiddle school students High school students College studentsHousewivesWorkers Retired people 6. 2 Target Market After analyzing the segmentations, we are targeting the groups of people as follow All the 7 major cities in UK. -16 59 years old people are 43. 3 million, th ey are the major working people . (But however we also target the people from 6-16 years old) Occupation Children, teenagers, workers, housewives, retired people. To make these targeting groups, we based our brand image and our products functions. The main point is to entertain people, it doesnt sure mean that we have to fulfill only young boys needs and wants, but we are targeting more variety groups of people. For example, as in one family, if there are 4 members who are a housewife (43 years old), husband- businessman (45 years old) and a son (16 years old), a daughter (10 years old). They just have to buy one gamer to entertain the whole family. For housewife, she could keep herself still in shape by doing some yoga while the kids are at school. * For husband, he could play some games as darts or golf during the weekend. * For the little son, he can play super Mario or online game with his classmates after school. * For the daughter, she can invite her friends over to play th e just dance game. 6. 3 Positioning Nintendo has been a major contender in the video industry for past several decades, and has faced the challenge of growth and detecting the competitive advantage over the years.With the introduction of Nintendo Wii console, the company gained a fastness as a leader in the video game industry. However, Sony and Microsoft are quickly gaining on Nintendos competitive advantage, forcing the company to monitor to evaluate its strategies. To maintain the competitive advantage, Nintendo must looking forward influencing the customers of Sony and Microsoft, continue develop innovative technologies, and also consider the impact of the social networking and mobile devices on the gaming industry.Nintendo is delivering the fun gaming experience to customers. Since it has a unique advantage to its competitors. They do not providing the violence games as shooting for teenage boys which are the common gamer user in the society. Thats the reason Nintendo coul d target a wide age and occupation range customers. Strategy 7. 1 Market Share Strategy We focus our area of expertise which is to entertain everyone, especially the household. We do not enter the segment that we dont excel such as hardcore video games (wars, violence, etc. ) 7. 2 Product StrategyWe enter mobile gaming sector as the mobile gaming industry is booming. People are buying games and applications on every available device including iOS devices, smartphones, tablet PCs and more. Our main competitors, Sony and Microsoft are also jumping into the mobile gaming industry, in order to compete with them, we need to focus on the mobile industry. We should continue to Improve our current consoles. Some of the ways that we can do this is by letting the consumer play DVD and MP3s, giving the Wii remote a rechargeable battery, and allow the consumer to save games on an SD card.Product improvement will enable consumers to play social network games on Wii consoles, 3D games on Wii cons oles. 7. 3 Pricing Strategy We are focusing on memory the existing product, however we should be not expanding improving current product that we have in order to attract more consumers and keep developing product till it meets consumers needs. Since there is strong competition in a market from Sony and Microsoft, often customers are faced with a wide choice of who to buy from. They may buy from the cheapest provider or mayhap from the one which offers the best customer service.Nintendo, being the cost leader therefore can offer prices lower than the competitors. 8. Objectives 8. 1 Long Term Goals * To be the biggest video game manufacturer in terms of market share in UK in the coming five years (2013-2017) * To realize a total 15% of annual growth rate of the UK operation in the first five years starting from January 2013 * To make the Nintendo Encore brand the most preferred video game brand of 6 65 years old of family and casual gamers in UK by January 2017 8. 2 Short Term Goal s 8. 2. 1 Operational Goals To realize a total sales of 6 million units Nintendo consoles in UK market by December 2013 * To increase UK customers brand awareness by December 2012 through intensive ad programs * To invest 10% of UKs annual revenue in query Development Department starting by beginning of 2012 * To put the Wii bespeak on the market by July 2012 in the UK market * To train * To maintain good relationship with customers through social media pages by updating newest product information starting from June 2012 8. 2. Financial Goals * To increase a 3% of growth rate in UK operation by the end of 2012 * To reduce costs of goods sold by 10% in the end of 2012 * To increase profit margin by 5% from UK operation by in the end of 2012 * To invest 5% more on promotional cost by the end of 2012 9. Marketing Mix 9. 1 Product For the UK market our main focus on the product will be Nintendo Encore consoles. Meanwhile our handheld consoles such as Nintendo DS and its product line s will still be manufactured and sold as they are at the current moment.However, new improvements will be created to fulfill consumers needs in mobile gaming sector. This can be in the form of mobile games applications (Apps) and it will allowed consumers to play Nintendos games through their mobile devices. Below are more options on our product development * Development of more varieties of new games * Concentration on 3D consoles * Reintroducing old famous games in new Nintendo consoles and mobile gaming application with better quality and features. 9. 2 Price * Using the current consoles price as the basic price character reference * More for less strategy will be implemented stilt price(Wii+ Super Mario New Limited Edition, buy 2 get 1 free, Wii Encore+ accessories) 9. 3 Place * Current distribution channels outlets (big retailers, smaller digital shops, toy stores) * Online selling through company websites and another online stores such as Amazon, eBay, etc. 9. 4 Promotion * Advertisement through television commercials, posters, billboards, social medias. * Buy some display space in outlets * fostering and distributing the specialized sales team in outlets and retailers that sell our consoles 10. BudgetOur budget is based on the 3-year forecast starting from 2012 and can be found in the appendix. Some important points are * Cost of goods sold is expected to decrease 10% in 2012. * Advertising/ promotional costs are increasing * Income tax is 10% 11. Recommendations If Nintendo want to recover sales and become number one in the video games industry is necessary to take some actions One way to accomplish this is to extend or expand its video game genres to attract more gamers than the family-friendly games. If we look at our competitor we can see that they ocus on intricate fantasy role-playing games (RPGs) for mature audiences. When we develop games for this groups the company will be in better position to compete with Sony and Microsoft, however, thi s could risk damaging Nintendos brand and to move from one public to another can have possibly more negative effects than positive. Another option is for Nintendo to continue developing innovative games and technology. As an example we can mention Nintendos recent introduction in Japan of the 3DS, a hand-held console that allows users to play games in three-dimension.Because of this we can say that the company is a leader in handheld consoles, and this new console emphatically helps the company maintain its competitive industry in that field, moreover Nintendo could start to develop a similar 3D capability for the Wii to further subvert the gaming experience. Lastly Nintendo should consider to expand to social networking and mobile devices, which is growing rapidly. More than one third of mobile phones owners play video games tatter their telephone. To enter this market Nintendo could consider develop simple, puzzle-type games for Facebook and mobile devices.As a consequence the company would align with the current focus on simple and casual gamers and more importantly it can open a brand new market with enormous potential given the popularity of smart phones and tablets at the moment. The company can further develop its capabilities to allow users to play social networking games on the Wii console. As a conclusion Nintendo must continue with the development of innovative technology and new game concepts. It is necessary to be realistic and in to take in consideration that the company has very strong competitors in this market.Moreover it is necessary to pay attention to the change in needs of our current and not customers so the company can deliver customer felicity if we want to remain profitable. 12. 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Appendix 1 . http//www. ons. gov. uk/ons/taxonomy/index. html? nscl=Population,